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In the second episode of the series, Valerie and Fiona Givens continue their exploration of atonement theology by delving into its historical and theological underpinnings. Fiona provides a rich context, explaining the shift from early Christian views that emphasized Christ’s life, incarnation, and resurrection to the later Western focus on crucifixion and suffering. This theological shift laid the groundwork for a substitution and punishment framework that heavily influenced the American penal justice system. They advocate for a shift towards a more rehabilitative approach and set the stage for further discussion on reconciling atonement theology with contemporary understandings of neuroscience and trauma.
